Veneer Grafting: Grafting in Mango

Veneer Grafting in Mango

‘Veneer Grafting in Mango’ is a propagation technique in mango plants. It is being practiced from many years by the professionals. The method is adopted at commercial scale. This is a specific method of propagation in mango. This is known as ‘पोशीश ग्राफ्टिंग or पोशीश कलम’ in Indian Language.

In this article we are going to know about the complete (Step by Step) procedure of Veneer Grafting in Mango.

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Name	Veneer Grafting, Veneer Grafting in Mango
Type	Grafting
Practiced in	Mango
Practiced by	Profesional gardeners, amataur gardeners, students etc.
Best Time	June-July.

INDEX

S.N.	Heading/Sub-heading
A.	General Description
A01	What is veneer grafting?
A02	What is veneer grafting?
A03	Types of veneer grafting.
B.	Procedure of Veneer Grafting
B01&02	Required Equipment (Gardening tools) and Materials
B03	Preparation
B04	Step by Step Procedure
C.	Frequently Asked Questions

(A). General Description: Veneer Grafting

A01. What is veneer grafting?

Veneer Grafting is a method of grafting in fruit plants which is also a method of plant propagation. In Veneer Grafting, the meaning of veneer is ‘thin layer of wood’. In this method of propagation the thin layer of wood is known as ‘a piece of wood engineered giving veneer cut to mango rootstock’.

To understand this, read next paragraph very well….

In image (Iamge: A01) the top of rootstock has three distinct parts after performing veneer cut:

Part A (in image)	Bark	It is live bark
Part B (in image)	Thin layer of Wood	We will term it ‘veneer’, which is thin layer of wood [In image (A01) bark, portion ‘A’ and Thin layer of wood, portion ‘B’ have been separated from each other to explain the procedure. But, during grafting, both the bark and thin layer of wood would not be separated]
Part C (in image)		‘C’ is the major portion of the cut. It should have contain- (a). undamaged bark. (b). Undamaged woody portion after veneer cut. (c). Undamaged Pith.

Now a scion is inserted in vacant place between ‘A’+’B’ and ‘C’ portion of the rootstcok, and tied properly using grafting tape.

A02. Why veneer grafting?

Many methods of grafting are used in propagation of mango. Some of them are as follows:

Side grafting.
V grafting.
Stone grafting.
Cleft grafting (in big plant/trees).
Veneer grafting.

Among all the method of grafting, veneer grafting is very easy and cheap method of propagation in mango. It can be performed by any amataur gardener, students or non technical person, easily. So this method of plant propagation becomes very important for mango plant.

A03. Types of veneer grafting

Veneer grafting are of two types:

Simple or traditional or side veneer grafting.
Top veneer grafting.

Simple or traditional or side veneer grafting

In traditional veneer grafting, grafting operation is performed above 15 – 20 cm height above ground level without heading back the upper partion of root stock. Generally, the upper portion of the rootstock is headed back when rootstock and scion start growing together.

Top Veneer Grafting

In top veneer grafting…

Root stock is headed back at 15 – 20 above ground level.
Heading back is done during grafting operation.

A04. Importance of veneer grafting

It is easy to perform.
It is a cheap method of grafting in mango.
Success rate is high.

(B). Procedure of Veneer Grafting in Mango

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Required Materials.
Required Equipment.
Preparation.
Step by Step Procedure.

B01&02. Required Equipment and Materials

Grafting secateur.
Grafting knife.
Grafting tape.
Rootstock.
Scion.

Grafting Secateur

Profesional grafting secateurs should be used for grafting.

Grafting knife

Any grafting knife specially designed for grafting operations.

Grafting tape

Commercial grafting tape available in market. It is special tape only used for grafting.

Rootstock

Up to one year old rootstocks are used. Selection of rootstock is important.

Scion

One season old scions are used. Selection of scion is very important.

B03. Preparation

Raising rootstock.
Preparation of scion.
Defoliation.

Raising rootstock

Collection of mango seed (mango stone)

Seeds of mango can be collected from different places. It should be done during May-June. Mango stone can be collected from following places:

From any local mango orchard.
From any private mango orchard.
From an individual plant/tree.

Preparation of soil media

Seeds are shown during June-July in black polythene bags (recommend polythene bags), filled with well prepared soil media. New plants come out from mango seed within few days. These plants become ready to be used as rootstock in next year.

Defoliation

Defoliation is done to obtain budsticks or scion.

Read: Right time of defoliation in mango.

Process of defoliation

Healthy and vigorous bud-sticks are selected as scion.
One season old bud-sticks are selected as scion.
Rootstock should be free from pest attack.
A rootstock with slightly bigger stem is better than the rootstocks with slim root stock.
Do not select water sprouts.
Now defoliate the leaves as shown in picture.
- Cut the leaves just above the base of the leaf.
- Defoliate all the leaves of a budstick.
- Wait for A to B portion of leaves to be detached automatically from budstick. It will take 6-7 days.
- Wait for the buds of a particular budstick to be more plumpy. It will take 7-10 days.

**Image**: Selection of healthy scion. Image before defoliation.

**Image**: Cutting leaves to favor defoliation. Or, entire leaves of this bud stick can be removed along with leaf stalk.

Image showing a plumpy bud (The image is only for illustration purpose. Vertical growing buds at the top of the scion should be considered).

Image showing water sprouts emerged from an old branch

B04. Step by Step Procedure

To perform the grafting, see given picture and follow the procedure.

Step 01

Cut the rootstock at 15-20 cm hight above ground level using secateur.
Now make veneer cut in rootstock as shown in picture.
- Part A has bark and thin layer of wood attached with it.
- Part B has significant portion of bark and wood (all are visible).
Now make a slice cut on one side of scion (Side ‘A’). The process will expose woody portion of both sides and pith at the centre of the scion.
On the other side of scion (Side ‘B’), slice out the bark portion with very thin portion of wood as shown in picture.

**Image (Side ‘A’):** Woody partion at the both side, visible. Pith can be seen at centre shaving slightly different colour.

**Image (Side ‘B’)**: Only bark is sliced out with a very thin layer of wood. Pith is not visible.

Step 02

Insert the prepared scion in vacant place between A and b as shown in picture.
Now tie the rootstock and scion together properly.

(C). Frequently Asked Questions

Question 01. Which are the other plants propagated using veneer grafting?

Answer: Side grafting is used to propagate conifers.

Question 02. What are other methods of grafting in mango?

Answer: Other methods of grafting in mango are as follows:

Cleft grafting: Practiced in big plant/trees.
Side grafting: Rootstock is placed between bark and wood.
Stone grafting: This method of grafting is practiced in one month old plants. Scion should be made using new budsticks.

Question 03. What components are used for the preparation of media?

Answer: Components are as follows:

Garden soil.
Vermicompost or FYM.

Also Read: Production technology of vermicompost.

Question 04. How many days it take to sprout the graft after performing grafting?

Answer: Generally, sprouting takes 2 weeks.